Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
Published on: February 14, 2025
Methodology for interaction identification in modular multi-level converter-based HVDC systems
Saman Dadjo Tavakoli1, Eduardo Prieto-Araujo1, Enric Sánchez-Sánchez1
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain.
Abstract:
This paper suggests a methodology for the identification, classification, and evaluation of various types of interactions that may occur in an HVDC link based on modular multi-level converters (MMC). The methodology incorporates the most suitable analytic tools for the frequency-domain study of each interaction category. To do so, a detailed nonlinear model of an MMC-based HVDC link that consists of master and slave MMCs, AC grids, and the DC transmission system is derived. Then, it is linearized to obtain a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) linear model that represents the dynamics of the complete MMC-based HVDC link. Based on the control loops of interest, interactions are classified as (1) state variable interactions, (2) disturbance interactions, (3) control loop interactions, and (4) overall system interactions. Then, through the application examples, the mentioned four categories of interactions are studied in frequency domain via the relevant analytic tools. The results obtained from the frequency-domain analysis are validated by time-domain simulation.
Related Concept Videos
Equivalent Circuits for Practical Transformers
In a practical transformer, each winding exhibits resistance and leakage reactance. The...
Multimachine Stability
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits
Energy Losses in Transformers
There are four main reasons for energy losses in transformers.
The first cause can be the high resistance of the...
Generation of Three-Phase Voltage
As the rotor...
Three-Phase Voltages

