Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 26, 2025
06:01
Prion Safety Laboratory Swipe Test
Published on: February 14, 2025
952
Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Parnia Salehi1, Mark Clark1, Jeffer Pinzon1
1Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, United States of America.
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|August 2, 2021
Summary
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal neurological disorder. Early diagnosis combines clinical signs with MRI, EEG, and CSF analysis for prompt treatment.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroscience
- Pathology
Background:
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a fatal, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease.
- It is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy with unknown etiology.
- CJD leads to severe neurological symptoms and a short survival period of 6-12 months.
Observation:
- A 57-year-old male presented with personality changes and memory loss.
- Physical exam revealed resting tremor, cogwheel rigidity, dysmetria, and shuffling gait.
- Neuroimaging (MRI) showed characteristic symmetric cortical and basal ganglia abnormalities.
Findings:
- Electroencephalogram (EEG) demonstrated characteristic triphasic waves.
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis confirmed the presence of 14-3-3 protein.
- These findings supported the diagnosis of sporadic CJD.
Implications:
- Accurate diagnosis of CJD relies on integrating clinical presentation with specific diagnostic tests.
- Early identification is crucial for patient management and understanding disease progression.
- This case highlights the diagnostic utility of a multimodal approach in suspected CJD.
Related Concept Videos
03:03Amyloid Fibrils
10.9K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
10.9K
03:03Amyloid Fibrils
6.0K
6.0K
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
879
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
879
01:23Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
455
Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
455
02:59Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
8.3K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
8.3K
01:29Biological Causes of Schizophrenia
204
Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
204