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Comprehensive Physical Activity Assessment During U.S. Army Basic Combat Training.

Joseph A Alemany1,2, Joseph R Pierce1, Daniel B Bornstein3

  • 1Injury Prevention Program, Clinical Public Health and Epidemiology Directorate, U.S. Army Public Health Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland.

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U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) involves high physical activity, with trainees averaging over 13,000 steps daily and significant load carriage. This intense physical activity may increase injury risk for unaccustomed individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Military Science
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Physical activity (PA) data during U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) is limited.
  • Understanding PA volume, intensity, and load carriage is crucial for trainee health and readiness.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize daily physical activity (PA) during U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT).
  • To assess PA volume, intensity, and load carriage using objective measures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized pedometers, accelerometers, and direct observation over two 10-week BCT cycles (n=40 per cycle).
  • Categorized PA intensity using metabolic equivalents (METs): sedentary (1-2), light (2-3), moderate (3-6), and vigorous (≥6).
  • Analyzed daily PA data longitudinally using linear mixed models.

Main Results:

  • Mean daily step count was 13,459 ± 4,376 steps.
  • Daily PA: sedentary 505 min, light 190 min, moderate 168 min, vigorous 14 min.
  • Trainees spent ~50% of the day on their feet, 20-25% sitting, and carried loads ≥9 kg for 10% of the day.

Conclusions:

  • BCT demands high physical activity, exceeding civilian recommendations significantly.
  • Arduous PA and load carriage in BCT may elevate injury risk for unacclimatized trainees.
  • National PA policies could improve fitness, acclimatization, and reduce public health burdens and military nonreadiness.