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Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

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Published on: April 11, 2018

Model for Musculoskeletal Injury Risk Factors Among US Army Basic Combat Trainees.

Stephen A Foulis¹, Susan P Proctor^1,2, Barry A Spiering¹

¹Military Performance Division, Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts.

JAMA Network Open

|June 2, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study developed a risk model to identify individuals at high risk for musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) before military training. Early identification and intervention can help reduce MSKI incidence in new recruits.

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Area of Science:

Military medicine
Sports medicine
Injury prevention

Background:

Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) are common in novice training environments.
Identifying modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for MSKIs before training is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a Musculoskeletal Injury (MSKI) risk model for U.S. Army Basic Combat Training (BCT) participants.
To identify individuals at low, moderate, and high risk for MSKIs.
To aid military leaders, clinicians, and instructors in mitigating MSKI risk.

Main Methods:

Prospective cohort study of 2988 U.S. Army trainees from August 2017 to April 2023.
Data collected included demographics, medical history, physical activity, psychological factors, sleep patterns, body composition, and physical fitness.
Musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) were identified using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes.

Main Results:

Over a third of trainees (35.7%) experienced more than one MSKI.
Risk models identified key factors associated with increased MSKI risk, including demographics, body composition, medical history, physical activity, psychological state, and sleep.
Area under the curve (AUC) for the total cohort, male, and female models were 0.701, 0.661, and 0.678, respectively.

Conclusions:

A tiered risk stratification model can identify individuals at elevated risk for MSKIs before physical training.
Implementing multifactorial interventions based on these findings may reduce MSKI incidence.
This approach supports proactive injury prevention strategies in military training settings.