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Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Deceased COVID-19 Patients

Mohammed Badedi1, Hussain Darraj1, Awaji Qasem Alnami1

  • 1General Directorate of Health Affairs, Jazan, Jazan Region, Saudi Arabia.

International Journal of General Medicine
|August 2, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Fatalities from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were high among older Saudi patients with comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension. Advanced age, smoking, and respiratory failure were key predictors of mortality in hospitalized patients.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Clinical Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatalities are rising globally.
  • Limited data exists on COVID-19 mortality in the Arab region, particularly concerning hospitalized patients.
  • This study addresses the gap in understanding COVID-19 epidemiological and clinical characteristics in deceased patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the epidemiological and clinical features of patients who died from COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia.
  • To identify risk factors associated with mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of 304 Saudi patients who died from COVID-19.
  • Data collected from July 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, in the Jazan Region.
  • Analysis included patient demographics, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, and radiological data.

Main Results:

  • Males (59%) and patients aged ≥65 years (55%) constituted the majority of deaths.
  • High prevalence of comorbidities: diabetes (70%), hypertension (69%), obesity (30%).
  • Common symptoms: dyspnea (91%), cough (80%), fever (70%). Most patients required ICU admission (85%) and mechanical ventilation (90%).
  • Key predictors of mortality included higher age, smoking, elevated creatinine and aspartate transaminase levels, and respiratory failure.

Conclusions:

  • Deceased COVID-19 patients in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia, exhibited a high burden of comorbidities.
  • Advanced age, smoking, and respiratory failure are significant predictors of mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
  • Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions for high-risk populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2deathsmortality

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