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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
11:14

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Sharing Experiences in Infancy: From Primary Intersubjectivity to Shared Intentionality.

Henrike Moll1, Ellyn Pueschel1, Qianhui Ni1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Psychology
|August 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Human infants possess innate sociality from birth, challenging theories that place its development later. Early interactions form the foundation for complex social cognition and collaboration.

Keywords:
primary intersubjectivityshared intentionalitysocial cognitionsocial developmentsocial understandingthe second person

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Human Sociality

Background:

  • Two main theses exist regarding the developmental onset of human sociality: primary intersubjectivity (PIT) and shared intentionality (SIT).
  • PIT posits innate social capacities from birth, evident in early face-to-face interactions.
  • SIT suggests human-unique social interaction emerges around 9-12 months with joint attention and collaboration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To contrast the primary intersubjectivity thesis and the shared intentionality thesis.
  • To propose a unified account integrating the strengths of both theses.
  • To examine the developmental trajectory of human sociality.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of theoretical frameworks (PIT vs. SIT).
  • Synthesis of existing empirical research on infant social development.
  • Theoretical integration of developmental stages of social interaction.

Main Results:

  • Endorsement of PIT's emphasis on early relational capacities as foundational.
  • Critique of PIT's interpretation of dyadic encounters as having triadic joint attention structure.
  • Evidence suggests primary intersubjectivity continuously develops into triadic joint attention.

Conclusions:

  • Early infant social interaction (primary intersubjectivity) is crucial for later social-cognitive development.
  • A unified model acknowledges early social capacities while recognizing the emergence of joint attention.
  • Human sociality develops progressively from early dyadic interactions to more complex triadic engagement.