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Meso/macro-scale ultra-soft materials' mechanical property evaluation device and testbed.

Kazue Orikasa1, Nicole Bacca1, Arvind Agarwal1

  • 1Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, USA.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|August 3, 2021
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Summary

A new mechanical testing platform accurately measures the stiffness of ultra-soft materials at the macro-scale. This device captures adhesion forces, overcoming limitations of existing methods for applications in biomedical devices and robotics.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Ultra-soft materials are crucial for biomedical devices, sensors, robotics, and wearables.
  • Current nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques offer only localized, small-scale mechanical properties.
  • A need exists for meso/macro-scale characterization of ultra-soft materials to enable integrated device development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel mechanical testing platform for accurate meso/macro-scale characterization of ultra-soft materials.
  • To address the limitations of metallic probes in capturing adhesion forces and preventing material damage.
  • To enable reliable measurement of stiffness and adhesion in soft materials.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a meso/macro-scale mechanical testing platform with a polymer probe and integrated camera.
  • Adaptation of the probe to standard mechanical testing load frames with small load cells.
  • Application of a modified Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) technique to analyze adhesion forces and compute stiffness.

Main Results:

  • The novel platform accurately measures mechanical stiffness in the range of 0.5 kPa to a few MPa.
  • High reproducibility was achieved at the macro-scale length.
  • The device successfully captured adhesion forces during indentation and detachment events.
  • Validation using a commercial nanoindenter confirmed the platform's accuracy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform provides an accurate and reproducible method for characterizing the meso/macro-scale mechanical properties of ultra-soft materials.
  • This advancement is critical for the design and development of integrated devices utilizing soft materials.
  • The probe design and methodology effectively overcome challenges associated with testing delicate and compliant materials.