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Disparities in Adolescents' Obesogenic Behaviors, 2005-2017
Sasha A Fleary1, Patrece Joseph2, Emily Zhang3
1Sasha A. Fleary, Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, United States;,
American Journal of Health Behavior
|August 3, 2021
Summary
Disparities in adolescent fruit and vegetable intake (FV), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) persist. While some disparities decreased, others, particularly those related to sex and age for FV and PA, worsened over 13 years.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Adolescent Health
- Health Disparities
Background:
- National initiatives aim to reduce obesogenic behaviors in youth.
- Understanding trends in disparities for key behaviors is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess changes in disparities for meeting fruit and vegetable intake (FV), physical activity (PA), and sedentary behavior (SB) guidelines among US adolescents over 13 years.
- To analyze how these disparities vary by sex, age, and race/ethnicity.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (2005-2017) data.
- Calculated disparities ratios using the Extended Gastwirth Index Method.
- Employed linear regressions, ANOVA, and posthoc tests to analyze changes in disparities over time.
Main Results:
- Sex- and age-specific disparities increased for meeting FV and PA guidelines.
- Disparities decreased for meeting SB guidelines across all characteristics.
- Race/ethnicity-specific disparities decreased for meeting FV and SB guidelines.
Conclusions:
- Significant disparities in adolescent obesogenic behaviors remain despite national efforts.
- The applied methodology effectively identified targetable groups for intervention.
- Continued monitoring and tailored strategies are necessary to address persistent health inequalities.
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