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Related Concept Videos

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists...
2.3K
Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:17

Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.5K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

12.9K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.9K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
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Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Preparation of Polyoxometalate-based Photo-responsive Membranes for the Photo-activation of Manganese Oxide Catalysts
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Hydrogenative Depolymerization of Polyurethanes Catalyzed by a Manganese Pincer Complex.

Viktoriia Zubar1, Andreas T Haedler2, Markus Schütte3

  • 1Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 584, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Chemsuschem
|August 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Manganese catalysts efficiently break down polyurethane waste into valuable monomers. This chemical recycling method recovers polyetherols and diaminotoluene (TDA) for potential reuse.

Keywords:
Depolymerizationhomogeneous catalysishydrogenationmanganesepolyurethane

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Catalysis
  • Sustainable Materials

Background:

  • Plastic waste, particularly polyurethane, poses environmental challenges.
  • Chemical recycling offers a sustainable solution for waste valorization.
  • Hydrogenative depolymerization is an effective chemical recycling strategy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate manganese-catalyzed hydrogenation for polyurethane depolymerization.
  • To identify effective catalysts and conditions for efficient monomer recovery.
  • To demonstrate the applicability of the method across diverse polyurethane compositions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a manganese pincer complex as a hydrogenation catalyst.
  • Employing elevated temperatures (up to 200°C) and suitable solvents.
  • Analyzing depolymerization yields of polyetherols and diaminotoluene (TDA).

Main Results:

  • Achieved high yields of polyetherols (up to 89%) and diaminotoluene (TDA) (up to 76%).
  • Demonstrated successful depolymerization of various polyurethane types, including those with urea groups.
  • Identified Mn pincer complexes as potent catalysts for this transformation.

Conclusions:

  • Manganese-catalyzed hydrogenative depolymerization is a viable method for polyurethane recycling.
  • The process efficiently recovers valuable monomeric units from plastic waste.
  • This approach contributes to the development of a circular economy for polyurethanes.