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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy01:29

Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy

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Atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS) is an analytical technique that involves the electronic transitions of atoms in a flame, furnace, or plasma being excited by electromagnetic (EM) radiation. When these atoms absorb energy, they become excited and subsequently release energy as they return to their original state. This emitted light, or "fluorescence," is observed at a right angle to the incident beam. Both absorption and emission processes transpire at distinct wavelengths, which...
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Flame Photometry: Overview01:02

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Flame photometry, also known as flame emission spectrometry, is a technique used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements present in a sample using a flame as the source of excitation energy. The concept of flame photometry was realized in the early 1860s by Kirchhoff and Bunsen, who discovered that specific elements emit characteristic radiation when excited in flames. The first instrument developed for this purpose was used to measure sodium (Na) in plant ash using a Bunsen...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

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AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

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For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
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Flame Photometry: Lab01:16

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In a flame photometer, when a solution like potassium chloride is aspirated into the flame, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind dehydrated salt. This salt dissociates into free gaseous atoms in their ground state. Some of these atoms absorb energy from the flame, leading to their excitation. The excited atoms return to the ground state, emitting photons at characteristic wavelengths. Because only electronic transitions are involved, the resulting emission lines are very narrow. The intensity...
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Fluorescence and Phosphorescence: Instrumentation01:25

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Fluorometers and spectrofluorometers are two types of instruments used for measuring molecular fluorescence. These instruments differ in how they select excitation and emission wavelengths and the type of light sources they utilize. Fluorometers use absorption interference filters to choose excitation and emission wavelengths. The excitation source in a fluorometer is typically a low-pressure mercury vapor lamp that emits intense lines distributed throughout the ultraviolet and visible regions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 26, 2025

Selective Area Modification of Silicon Surface Wettability by Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation in Liquid Environment
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Trace Selenium Measurement in Water Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence Assisted by Laser Ablation.

Elton Soares de Lima Filho1, Paul Bouchard1, Mohamad Sabsabi1

  • 1Energy, Mining and Environment Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Boucherville, Canada.

Applied Spectroscopy
|August 3, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Laser ablation-assisted laser-induced fluorescence (LA-LIF) offers real-time, field-amenable selenium detection in water. This method provides a sensitive, label-free approach for monitoring selenium in industrial effluents without sample preparation.

Keywords:
LIFLaser ablationlaser-induced fluorescenceseleniumspectroscopywater

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Selenium contamination in industrial and mining effluents poses risks to aquatic ecosystems.
  • Current selenium detection methods are typically off-line, limiting real-time monitoring capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate laser ablation-assisted laser-induced fluorescence (LA-LIF) for real-time selenium measurement in aqueous solutions.
  • To address the need for a field-amenable, non-consumable, and sample-preparation-free detection method.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a laser ablation-assisted laser-induced fluorescence (LA-LIF) system for trace selenium analysis.
  • Conducted temporal and fluence optimization studies to refine measurement parameters.
  • Developed a calibration curve to assess linearity and dynamic range.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a linear calibration curve for selenium detection across a wide dynamic range (ppb to tens of ppm).
  • Demonstrated a limit of detection of 32 µg/L for selenium using LA-LIF.
  • LA-LIF measurements were real-time, label-free, and required no sample preparation or consumables.

Conclusions:

  • LA-LIF is a viable technique for real-time, standoff, and versatile measurement of trace selenium in aqueous effluents.
  • The method offers a significant advancement over traditional off-line techniques for environmental monitoring.
  • LA-LIF can be applied throughout the water treatment chain for effective selenium management.