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Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
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Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
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When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their...
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High Precision Microcalorimetry: Apparatus, Procedures, and Biochemical Applications.

D K Steckler1, R N Goldberg1, Y B Tewari1

  • 1National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, CO 80303.

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards (1977)
|August 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details a high-precision microcalorimeter for accurate heat measurements in chemical reactions. The developed system achieves 0.2% imprecision, enabling precise thermochemical and kinetic analyses.

Keywords:
biochemistrychemical thermodynamicsenthalpyenzyme-catalyzed reactionsheat-conduction microcalorimetryisoperibol solution calorimetrykinetics

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Area of Science:

  • Thermochemistry
  • Chemical Kinetics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Accurate heat measurement is crucial for understanding chemical reactions.
  • Existing microcalorimetry techniques have limitations in precision and throughput.
  • Development of advanced calorimetric systems is needed for detailed chemical analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the apparatus and procedures for high-precision microcalorimetric measurements.
  • To present a novel heat-conduction microcalorimeter design.
  • To demonstrate its application in thermochemical and kinetic studies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a heat-conduction type calorimeter with semi-conductor thermoelectric modules.
  • Employed a bicompartmental reaction vessel (0.5 mL per compartment) made of high-density polyethylene.
  • Integrated a microcomputer and data acquisition system for simultaneous operation of three calorimeters.

Main Results:

  • Achieved an imprecision of 0.2% for heat measurements of 300 mJ from rapid chemical reactions.
  • Demonstrated the capability for simultaneous data acquisition from multiple microcalorimeters.
  • Successfully applied the system to thermochemical and kinetic analyses.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microcalorimeter offers high precision for studying chemical reactions.
  • The system facilitates efficient, simultaneous analysis of multiple samples.
  • This technology advances the field of precise thermochemical and kinetic measurements.