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Transcription

Transcription

Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...

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Tomato transcriptomic response to Tuta absoluta infestation.

Daniela D'Esposito¹, Daniele Manzo¹, Alessandro Ricciardi¹

¹Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Università 100, Portici, 80055, Naples, Italy.

BMC Plant Biology

|August 5, 2021

Summary

Tomato plants use combined defenses to resist the South America pinworm (Tuta absoluta). Tolerant varieties show enhanced physical barriers and molecular responses to pest attack.

Keywords:

Comparative transcriptomics Fitness Herbivore Plant defense S. lycopersicum South America pinworm (Tuta absoluta)Trichomes

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Area of Science:

Plant Science
Entomology
Genetics

Background:

The South America pinworm (Tuta absoluta) is a major pest causing significant global losses in tomato production.
Developing resistant tomato cultivars is crucial for Tuta absoluta management, yet understanding tomato's defense mechanisms is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the defense mechanisms of tomato plants against Tuta absoluta.
To compare the morphological and molecular responses of tolerant and susceptible tomato genotypes to herbivore feeding.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of tolerant and susceptible tomato cultivars.
Morphological assessment of leaf structures, including trichome density.
Transcriptome analysis to identify gene expression patterns related to defense.

Main Results:

Tolerant tomato genotypes exhibit enhanced constitutive barriers, including higher trichome density.
Inducible defense responses are activated upon infestation, involving transcription factors regulating cuticle formation, cell wall strength, and secondary metabolite production.
Genes related to antinutritive enzymes, toxins, and bioactive compounds are modulated in tolerant plants.

Conclusions:

Tomato resilience to Tuta absoluta involves a combination of constitutive and induced defense strategies.
Modulation of plant transcription regulation balances defense needs with fitness costs.
Findings can inform the development of Tuta absoluta-tolerant cultivars for integrated pest management and sustainable agriculture.