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Spotlight on Oculogyric Crisis: A Review
Pankaj Mahal1, Navratan Suthar1, Naresh Nebhinani1
1Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine
|August 5, 2021
Summary
Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is an acute dystonic reaction causing sustained upward eye deviation. Risk factors include younger age, male sex, and certain medications, necessitating early management with anticholinergics.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Oculogyric crisis (OGC) is an acute dystonia with sustained upward eye deviation.
- Initially linked to postencephalitic parkinsonism, OGC is now associated with medications, movement disorders, and metabolic issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the literature on Oculogyric Crisis (OGC).
- To identify risk factors and management strategies for OGC.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and article citations up to December 2019.
- Inclusion of original English-language articles (abstract or full text).
- Keywords included OGC, oculogyric eye movements, neuroleptics, and antipsychotics.
Main Results:
- A hypodopaminergic state is implicated in OGC pathogenesis.
- Risk factors include younger age, male sex, severe illness, high neuroleptic dose, parenteral administration, high neuroleptic potency, abrupt anticholinergic withdrawal, and family history of dystonia.
Conclusions:
- OGC is an acute dystonic reaction characterized by tonic upward eye deviation.
- Associated with various neurometabolic, neurodegenerative, movement disorders, and medications (antipsychotics, antidepressants, etc.).
- Early management with anticholinergics is crucial for prognosis and compliance.
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