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Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein for Risk Prediction of Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abhishek Singh1, Rajendra Puhan1, Akshyaya Pradhan2

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003, India.

Cardiology Research
|August 5, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) is a significant risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Indian population. Elevated sd-LDL levels were observed in ACS patients, males, and those with non-LAD coronary artery disease involvement.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Elevated Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) is linked to coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Small dense LDL (sd-LDL) is an emerging risk factor, especially when LDL-cholesterol is not elevated in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate sd-LDL as a risk factor in ACS patients.
  • Correlate sd-LDL with coronary artery disease severity via angiography.
  • Correlate sd-LDL with short-term outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional, case-control study over 1 year.
  • Included patients >18 years diagnosed with ACS within 24h of admission.
  • Measured sd-LDL levels post-coronary angiography.

Main Results:

  • ACS patients showed significantly higher sd-LDL (16.10 ± 1.42 mg/dL) than non-ACS patients (12.67 ± 0.71 mg/dL, P=0.036).
  • Males had higher sd-LDL (16.79 ± 1.55 mg/dL) than females (10.77 ± 2.62 mg/dL, P=0.047).
  • Patients with non-left anterior descending (LAD) involvement had higher sd-LDL (21.92 ± 3.55 mg/dL) than those with LAD involvement (14.03 ± 1.35 mg/dL, P=0.007).

Conclusions:

  • sd-LDL is a risk factor for ACS development in an Indian population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Acute coronary syndromeCoronary artery diseaseLeft anterior descending coronary arteryMajor adverse cardiac eventsSmall density low-density lipoprotein

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