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Tinnitus, Hyperacusis, Otalgia, and Hearing Loss
Continuum (Minneapolis, Minn.)
|August 5, 2021
Summary
Neurologists should be aware that tinnitus and hearing loss can signal underlying neurologic disorders. This review covers causes of these symptoms and when to refer patients for specialized care.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Otolaryngology
- Audiology
Background:
- Tinnitus, hyperacusis, and otalgia are common symptoms.
- Hearing loss is a frequent complaint, not always solely an ear issue.
- Neurologic conditions can manifest with auditory symptoms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review causes of tinnitus, hyperacusis, otalgia, and hearing loss relevant to neurologists.
- To guide neurologists in recognizing neurologic involvement in hearing disorders.
- To advise on appropriate referrals to otolaryngology and other specialists.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of causes of tinnitus, hyperacusis, otalgia, and hearing loss.
- Focus on conditions relevant to neurological practice.
- Synthesis of information for clinical application.
Main Results:
- Discusses various causes of unilateral and bilateral tinnitus, including treatable and serious conditions.
- Explains hyperacusis, misophonia, and neurologic disorders causing ear pain.
- Highlights that hearing loss is not always purely otologic.
Conclusions:
- Tinnitus and hearing loss can be symptoms of primary neurologic disorders.
- Neurologists play a key role in evaluating patients with these symptoms.
- Timely recognition and referral are crucial for patient management.
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