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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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M-Cdk Drives Transition Into Mitosis02:15

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Checkpoints throughout the cell cycle serve as safeguards and gatekeepers, allowing the cell cycle to progress in favorable conditions and slow or halt it in problematic ones. This regulation is known as the cell cycle control system.
Cyclin-dependent kinases, or Cdks, work in concert with cyclins to control cell cycle transitions. M-Cdk, a complex of Cdk1 bound to M cyclin, is a well-known example of this coordinated control that drives the transition from the G2 to the M phase.
M cyclin...
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Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules01:15

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Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
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Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules01:10

Drugs that Destabilize Microtubules

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Microtubules are dynamic structures and can be regulated by microtubule targeting agents (MTAs). Microtubule destabilizing drugs are a class of MTAs that destabilize and prevent microtubules' polymerization. Both natural and synthetic chemicals can be found under this class of drugs. Vincristine and vinblastine, two vinca alkaloids, and colchicine were among the first to be discovered. These drugs can affect cells in various ways, either by inducing a change in cell morphology, preventing...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

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Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics
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Targeting mitotic exit in solid tumors.

Christine Greil1, Julia Felthaus1, Marie Follo1

  • 1Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg Freiburg, Germany.

American Journal of Cancer Research
|August 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Combining taxanes with proteasome or APC/C inhibitors can enhance cancer cell death. This approach shows promise for improving solid tumor treatment responses, though cell cycle effects vary by cancer type.

Keywords:
APC/CAntimitotic therapyMcl-1cyclin Bproteasome inhibition

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Establishing Cell Lines Overexpressing DR3 to Assess the Apoptotic Response to Anti-mitotic Therapeutics
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Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel
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Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Taxanes are common chemotherapy agents targeting mitosis in solid tumors.
  • Cancer cells can survive taxanes via mitotic slippage, a process involving the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) and cyclin B degradation.
  • Inhibiting proteasome (PI) or APC/C may enhance cancer cell death by prolonging mitotic arrest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of combining taxanes with proteasome or APC/C inhibitors in lung and breast cancer models.
  • To determine the cell cycle phase at which cell death occurs under these combination treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized various cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) from lung and breast cancer.
  • Administered sequential combinations of paclitaxel with bortezomib (a PI) or APC/C inhibitors.
  • Investigated the impact of Mcl-1 inhibition in combination treatments for breast cancer.

Main Results:

  • Sequential paclitaxel and bortezomib enhanced cell death in interphase, not mitosis, in both lung and breast cancer.
  • APC/C inhibition with paclitaxel induced mitotic cell death in lung cancer.
  • In breast cancer with high Mcl-1, combined APC/C and Mcl-1 inhibition with or without paclitaxel induced interphase cell death.

Conclusions:

  • Combining antimitotic agents with proteasome, APC/C, or Mcl-1 inhibitors is a promising strategy to improve solid tumor treatment.
  • The efficacy and cell cycle phase of cell death are dependent on the specific cancer type and inhibitors used.