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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
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In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
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A parallel-plate capacitor with capacitance C, whose plates have area A and separation distance d, is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V. The current starts to flow at t = 0. What is the displacement current between the capacitor plates at time t? From the properties of the capacitor, what is the corresponding real current?
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Electromagnetic waves are categorized according to their wavelengths and frequencies, giving the electromagnetic spectrum. These waves are classified as radio, infrared, ultraviolet, etc. Radio waves refer to electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from millimeters to kilometers. Radio waves are commonly used for audio communications (i.e., radios) and typically result from an alternating current in the wires of a broadcast antenna. They cover a broad wavelength range and are used...
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Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
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Microwaves in Quantum Computing.

Joseph C Bardin1,2, Daniel H Slichter3, David J Reilly4,5

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.

IEEE Journal of Microwaves
|August 6, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microwave technologies are crucial for quantum computing platforms like trapped ion, spin, and superconducting qubits. This review explores their use, advancements, and future engineering challenges for scalable quantum computers.

Keywords:
Semiconductor spin qubitquantum computingquantum-classical interfacequbit controlqubit readoutsuperconducting qubittrapped ion qubit

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • Quantum information processing systems utilize diverse microwave technologies.
  • The development of quantum computing has driven innovation in microwave devices and methods operating in new regimes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of microwave signals and systems in quantum computing.
  • To highlight key results and progress in quantum computing driven by microwave systems.
  • To discuss the impact of quantum computing on microwave technology and identify future challenges.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and research on microwave systems in quantum computing.
  • Focus on three leading quantum computing platforms: trapped atomic ion qubits, spin qubits in semiconductors, and superconducting qubits.
  • Analysis of advancements and challenges in microwave engineering for quantum computing.

Main Results:

  • Microwave systems have been instrumental in achieving key results in quantum computing.
  • Quantum computing applications have advanced microwave technology in specific areas.
  • Significant progress has been made in trapped ion, spin qubit, and superconducting qubit platforms through microwave engineering.

Conclusions:

  • Microwave technology is fundamental to current quantum computing efforts.
  • Quantum computing presents both opportunities and challenges for microwave engineering.
  • Addressing open engineering challenges is critical for building large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum computers.