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Updated: Jun 24, 2026

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The Influence of Virus Infection on Microglia and Accelerated Brain Aging
Luis Filgueira1, Alexey Larionov1, Nils Lannes1
1Anatomy, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system contributing substantially to health and disease. There is increasing evidence that inflammatory microglia may induce or accelerate brain aging, by interfering with physiological repair and remodeling processes. Many viral infections affect the brain and interfere with microglia functions, including human immune deficiency virus, flaviviruses, SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and human herpes viruses. Especially chronic viral infections causing low-grade neuroinflammation may contribute to brain aging. This review elucidates the potential role of various neurotropic viruses in microglia-driven neurocognitive deficiencies and possibly accelerated brain aging.
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