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Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Synthesis of pH Dependent Pyrazole, Imidazole, and Isoindolone Dipyrrinone Fluorophores using a Claisen-Schmidt Condensation Approach
Published on: June 10, 2021
Design and Synthesis of Fluoro Analogues of Vitamin D
Fumihiro Kawagoe1, Sayuri Mototani1, Atsushi Kittaka1
1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan.
Abstract:
The discovery of a large variety of functions of vitamin D3 and its metabolites has led to the design and synthesis of a vast amount of vitamin D3 analogues in order to increase the potency and reduce toxicity. The introduction of highly electronegative fluorine atom(s) into vitamin D3 skeletons alters their physical and chemical properties. To date, many fluorinated vitamin D3 analogues have been designed and synthesized. This review summarizes the molecular structures of fluoro-containing vitamin D3 analogues and their synthetic methodologies.
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