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Ocular Complications of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Pei-Kang Liu1,2,3,4, Tzu-Yu Chiu1,2, Nan-Kai Wang4
1Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|August 7, 2021
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes repeated breathing pauses during sleep, leading to potential vision loss. This review explores the link between OSA and various eye diseases, aiding clinical care.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Sleep Medicine
- Cardiovascular Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-disordered breathing condition.
- OSA involves repeated breathing pauses, causing nocturnal hypoxia and hypercapnia.
- These episodes trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and autonomic dysfunction.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the ocular consequences of OSA.
- To explore potential pathophysiologic associations between OSA and eye diseases.
- To enhance clinical understanding and management of OSA-related ophthalmic conditions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on OSA and ocular diseases.
- Analysis of pathophysiologic mechanisms linking OSA to eye conditions.
- Synthesis of current evidence on OSA's impact on vision.
Main Results:
- OSA is significantly correlated with various common eye diseases.
- Ocular complications can arise from hypoxia, inflammation, and sympathetic activation in OSA.
- Some OSA-related eye conditions are reversible with treatment, while others risk permanent vision loss.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the link between OSA and eye diseases is crucial for comprehensive patient care.
- Early detection and management of OSA may prevent or mitigate vision-threatening ocular complications.
- Further research into OSA's specific ophthalmic effects can improve patient outcomes.
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