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A Practice of BLE RSSI Measurement for Indoor Positioning.
Ramiro Ramirez1, Chien-Yi Huang1, Che-An Liao2
1Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106344, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 10, 2021
Summary
Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) indoor positioning achieves 10 cm accuracy in ideal conditions. Performance degrades in complex environments, but Bluetooth 5.0 shows promise for future real-time locating systems (RTLS).
Area of Science:
- Electrical Engineering
- Computer Science
- Robotics
Background:
- Received Signal Strength Indicators (RSSI) from Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) have been used for indoor positioning systems (IPS) for years.
- Recent improvements in BLE signal stability and range motivated this study.
- Existing IPS often face challenges with accuracy and environmental interference.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the positioning accuracy of BLE 5.0 and 4.2 in various indoor environments.
- To investigate the impact of environmental complexity and dimensionality on BLE positioning performance.
- To assess the suitability of BLE for real-time locating systems (RTLS) applications.
Main Methods:
- Experiments utilized BLE 5.0 and 4.2 beacons and scanners.
- Measurements included RSSI-distance conversion, multi-beacon in-plane positioning, and diverse directional measurements.
- Data analysis employed signal propagation models, trilateration, modification coefficients, and Kalman filters.
Main Results:
- Positioning accuracy reached 10 cm in a less-noisy, same-plane environment.
- Accuracy decreased to meter-scale in 3D configurations and complex environments.
- BLE signal strength is susceptible to interference in manufacturing settings but remains viable.
- Bluetooth 5.0 demonstrated higher signal stability and better performance in low-interference scenarios.
Conclusions:
- BLE positioning accuracy is highly dependent on environmental conditions and system configuration.
- While susceptible to interference, BLE can be effective for specific indoor positioning tasks.
- Bluetooth 5.0 offers improved performance and stability, making it a promising technology for future RTLS development.
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