Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Electrical Synapses01:28

Electrical Synapses

9.4K
Electrical synapses found in all nervous systems play important and unique roles. In these synapses, the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes are very close together (3.5 nm) and are actually physically connected by channel proteins forming gap junctions.
Gap junctions allow the current to pass directly from one cell to the next. In contrast, in the chemical synapse, the neurotransmitters carry the information through the synaptic cleft from one neuron to the next. They consist of two...
9.4K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

3.6K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
3.6K
Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

10.0K
Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
10.0K
Oscillations In An LC Circuit01:30

Oscillations In An LC Circuit

2.6K
An idealized LC circuit of zero resistance can oscillate without any source of emf by shifting the energy stored in the circuit between the electric and magnetic fields. In such an LC circuit, if the capacitor contains a charge q before the switch is closed, then all the energy of the circuit is initially stored in the electric field of the capacitor. This energy is given by
2.6K
Overview of Synapses01:25

Overview of Synapses

3.7K
A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...
3.7K
Norton Equivalent Circuits01:16

Norton Equivalent Circuits

551
Norton's theorem is a fundamental concept in the field of electrical engineering that allows for the simplification of complex AC circuits. The theorem states that any two-terminal linear network can be replaced with an equivalent circuit that consists of an impedance, which is parallel with a constant current source. Figure 1 shows the AC circuit portioned into two parts: Circuit A and Circuit B, while Figure 2 depicts the circuit obtained by replacing Circuit A by its Norton equivalent...
551

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Bio-integrated μBots with overtone ultrawideband magnetoelectric antennas for wireless telemetry.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Real-World Effectiveness and Safety of Tucatinib, Trastuzumab, and Capecitabine in HER2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Portuguese Study.

European journal of breast health·2026
Same author

Atrial Septal Defect Closure With Persistently Elevated Pulmonary Vascular Resistance.

JACC. Case reports·2026
Same author

Trainable neuromorphic spintronic hardware Via analog finite-difference gradient methods.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Biochar as an integrated management tool against Phytophthora cinnamomi, a key driver of Quercus suber decline.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Points to consider for patient education provided by nurses on methotrexate use. A European consensus initiative.

ARP rheumatology·2026
Same journal

MT-MRI for detection of renal interstitial fibrosis in renovascular disease.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Detection of underground objects from GPR data using a lightweight YOLO-based approach.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Early systemic inflammatory-metabolic trajectory phenotypes are associated with survival outcomes in metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Water balance components in a dry-seeded rice-wheat system: Untangling the effects of tillage and mulching practices.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

Topological approaches to quantum tensor train compression via ZX-calculus and SVD.

Scientific reports·2026
Same journal

determinants of flood impacts and adaptive capacity among market vendors in Walukuba-Masese, Jinja city, Uganda.

Scientific reports·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
06:27

Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques

Published on: July 2, 2018

8.3K

Non-volatile artificial synapse based on a vortex nano-oscillator.

Leandro Martins1,2, Alex S Jenkins3, Lara San Emeterio Alvarez3

  • 1INL, Avenida Mestre José Veiga, s/n, 4715-330, Braga, Portugal. leandro.martins@inl.int.

Scientific Reports
|August 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel method for non-volatile control in spin torque nano-oscillators. Chirality switching deterministically alters output voltage, enabling applications in artificial neural networks.

More Related Videos

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.0K
Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 25, 2025

Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques
06:27

Fabrication of Magnetic Nanostructures on Silicon Nitride Membranes for Magnetic Vortex Studies Using Transmission Microscopy Techniques

Published on: July 2, 2018

8.3K
Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.0K
Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact

Published on: February 1, 2017

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Spintronics
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Spin torque nano-oscillators (STVOs) are crucial for microwave signal generation.
  • Controlling STVO behavior non-volatilly is essential for advanced memory and logic applications.
  • Vortex chirality in magnetic systems offers a potential degree of freedom for control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a new mechanism combining non-volatile behavior with spin diode detection in vortex-based STVOs.
  • To demonstrate deterministic control of STVO output voltage by manipulating vortex chirality.
  • To explore the application of these devices as programmable non-volatile synapses in artificial neural networks.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental investigation of spin diode response dependence on vortex chirality.
  • Application of local electrical signals for deterministic chirality switching.
  • Micromagnetic simulations to elucidate the role of Oersted fields.
  • Integration of two non-identical STVOs to mimic synaptic behavior.

Main Results:

  • The spin diode response of STVOs was experimentally shown to be chirality-dependent.
  • Switching vortex chirality deterministically altered the rectified voltage for a fixed input frequency.
  • Micromagnetic simulations confirmed experimental findings, highlighting the Oersted field's role.
  • Demonstrated the feasibility of using STVOs as programmable non-volatile synapses.

Conclusions:

  • A novel mechanism for non-volatile control in STVOs based on chirality switching is established.
  • Deterministic electrical control of vortex chirality enables non-volatile manipulation of spin diode detection.
  • These STVOs show promise for building energy-efficient, non-volatile artificial neural networks.