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Electrochemically-Matched and Nonflammable Janus Solid Electrolyte for Lithium-Metal Batteries.

Cheng Li1,2, Guohua Liu1,2, Kai Wang1,2

  • 1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel quasi-solid Janus electrolyte for safer, high-energy solid-state batteries. This ceramic-organic hybrid electrolyte improves interfacial contact and stability with lithium metal anodes.

Keywords:
dendritesinterfaceslithium metal anodenonflammable electrolytessolid-state batteriessolid-state electrolytes

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Solid-state batteries offer enhanced safety and energy density over conventional lithium-ion batteries.
  • Ceramic electrolytes like Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) provide stability but suffer from poor cathode contact due to rigidity.
  • Organic phosphates offer good contact but exhibit instability with lithium metal anodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design a quasi-solid Janus electrolyte combining the benefits of ceramic and organic electrolytes.
  • To improve interfacial contact with cathodes and stability with lithium metal anodes.
  • To develop a safer, high-performance solid-state battery technology.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a quasi-solid Janus electrolyte using garnet-type LLZO and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) gel.
  • Electrochemical characterization of the Janus electrolyte's stability and performance.
  • Assembly and cycling of lithium-metal batteries utilizing the Janus electrolyte.

Main Results:

  • The Janus electrolyte demonstrated an extended electrochemical window, accommodating lithium metal anodes.
  • The semifluid TMP gel component ensured good cathode-electrolyte contact.
  • Lithium-metal batteries with the Janus electrolyte achieved stable cycling at room temperature (1C) for over 100 cycles with 115 mAh g-1 capacity.

Conclusions:

  • The quasi-solid Janus electrolyte effectively combines ceramic stability with organic electrolyte's contact properties.
  • This hybrid electrolyte enables safe, high-energy solid-state lithium-metal batteries.
  • The developed strategy offers a promising approach for next-generation energy storage solutions.