[Systems disinhibition and disintegration in pathology]

Two phenomena of universal biological significance are described, namely, disinhibition of the functional structures and disintegration of the biological systems. Both phenomena are interrelated: disintegration of systems releases its component functional structures from inhibition, and the uncontrolled activity of the disinhibited (hyperactive) functional structures leads further disintegration. These phenomena are initiated by a lesion. Disinhibition of the functional structures manifests itself differently in various systems, but it is always based on the deficiency of biological control. The formation of hyperactive structures as determinants which transform physiological systems into pathological ones, as well as derepression of subsequent links of the cellular genetic apparatus are particularly important in these phenomena. Some tissue processes have been investigated with regard to the latter. Under normal conditions the controlled disinhibition (facilitation) or derepression may be physiologically important and necessary for functioning. In the paper, a class of pathological processes termed as regulation diseases resulting from disturbances in the function regulation is defined.