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Updated: Oct 25, 2025

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Association between atopic dermatitis and race from infancy to early childhood: a retrospective cohort study

Reesa L Monir1, Jennifer J Schoch1, Cynthia W Garvan2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.

International Journal of Dermatology
|August 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Racial disparities in pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) emerge early in life. Black infants show a significantly higher prevalence of AD compared to White infants, indicating a need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Dermatology
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent pediatric skin condition with considerable morbidity.
  • Factors contributing to observed racial differences in AD prevalence remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate racial disparities in the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) among infants.
  • To identify factors associated with race and their impact on AD diagnosis in early life.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 4016 infants born between June 2011 and April 2017.
  • Logistic regression modeling was used to assess the association between race and AD diagnosis, controlling for delivery mode, NICU stay, and gestational age.

Main Results:

  • Significant racial differences in AD prevalence were observed, with Black infants having the highest rate (37.0%).
  • Race was significantly associated with AD diagnosis (P < 0.0001), with Black infants showing a 2.6-fold increased odds (OR=2.6) compared to White infants.
  • Delivery mode, NICU stay, and gestational age were found to be significantly associated with race.

Conclusions:

  • Racial disparities in atopic dermatitis rates are evident from infancy.
  • AD diagnosis in this cohort was primarily associated with race, not with delivery mode, insurance type, or gestational age.
  • Future research and interventions to address these health disparities should prioritize infancy and early childhood.
Abstract

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