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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Multi-modal Pulmonary Imaging: Using Complementary Information from CT and Hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI to Evaluate Lung Structure-Function
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Quantitative CT image-based structural and functional changes during asthma acute exacerbations.

Joonwoo Park1, Sujeong Kim2, Jae-Kwang Lim3

  • 1School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|August 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) reveals increased lung tissue heterogeneity during asthma acute exacerbations (AE). This imaging metric, specifically the coefficient of variation of tissue fraction, may help identify unique features of AE.

Keywords:
asthma acute exacerbationscoefficient of variationfunctional heterogeneitystable asthmatissue fraction

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary imaging
  • Respiratory medicine
  • Quantitative computed tomography (QCT)

Background:

  • Quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has been used to study asthma, but not comprehensively during acute exacerbations (AE).
  • Understanding imaging metrics during AE is crucial for identifying disease phenotypes and improving patient management.
  • Previous QCT studies in asthma focused on stable phases, lacking detailed analysis of AE-specific changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore segmental and parenchymal imaging features during asthma AE compared to stable asthma (SA) using QCT.
  • To investigate changes in airway structure and lung tissue distribution during AE.
  • To correlate QCT metrics with pulmonary function tests during AE and SA.

Main Methods:

  • QCT scans (TLC and FRC) were acquired from 14 subjects during both AE and SA phases.
  • Calculated metrics included airway wall thickness, hydraulic diameter, circularity, functional small airway disease (fSAD%), emphysema percentage, tissue fraction (βtiss), and coefficient of variation of βtiss (CV of βtiss).
  • Spearman correlation tests were used to assess relationships between QCT metrics and pulmonary function tests.

Main Results:

  • No significant changes were observed in airway structural metrics (wall thickness, hydraulic diameter, circularity) between AE and SA.
  • A significant increase in the CV of βtiss at FRC was noted during AE, indicating greater lung tissue heterogeneity.
  • Increased fSAD% during AE correlated with decreased FEV1 and FVC, particularly in the lower lobes.

Conclusions:

  • Lung tissue heterogeneity, measured by CV of βtiss at FRC, is significantly increased during asthma AE.
  • This heterogeneous feature, especially in lower lobes, is a more sensitive indicator of AE than traditional airway structural metrics.
  • The CV of βtiss metric shows potential as a phenotype for identifying asthma acute exacerbations.