Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

207
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
207
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

844
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:  
844
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

1.5K
Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...
1.5K
Nondisjunction01:21

Nondisjunction

4.2K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
4.2K
What is Genetic Engineering?00:49

What is Genetic Engineering?

76.3K
Overview
76.3K
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

526
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
526

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Flavouring Group Evaluation 216 Revision 3 (FGE.216Rev3): Consideration of the genotoxic potential of α,β-unsaturated 2-phenyl-2-alkenals from subgroup 3.3 of FGE.19.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Safety of cannabidiol isolate from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Safety of L-alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (L-alpha-GPC) from soya phospholipids (lecithin) as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Safety of beta-nicotinamide mononucleotide (β-NMN) pursuant the regulation (EU) 2015/2283 and the bioavailability of nicotinamide from this source in the context of Directive 2002/46/EC.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Flavouring Group Evaluation 82 Revision 2 (FGE.82Rev2): Consideration of epoxides evaluated by JECFA.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026
Same author

Safety of carbon dioxide extract from <i>Cannabis sativa</i> L. as a novel food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283.

EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 24, 2025

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
09:03

Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

Published on: August 25, 2019

9.6K

Guidance on aneugenicity assessment.

, Simon John More, Vasileios Bampidis

    EFSA Journal. European Food Safety Authority
    |August 13, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    The EFSA Scientific Committee recommends the in vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test for aneugenicity assessment. Further development of the gastrointestinal micronucleus test is advised for comprehensive risk evaluation.

    Keywords:
    aneugenicitygenotoxicity in vivo and in vitromicronucleus test

    More Related Videos

    Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
    10:55

    Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: February 22, 2015

    8.2K
    Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
    07:15

    Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation

    Published on: January 16, 2019

    11.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Oct 24, 2025

    Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy
    09:03

    Semiconductor Sequencing for Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy

    Published on: August 25, 2019

    9.6K
    Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
    10:55

    Comprehensive Assessment of Germline Chemical Toxicity Using the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

    Published on: February 22, 2015

    8.2K
    Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation
    07:15

    Determining the Likelihood of Variant Pathogenicity Using Amino Acid-level Signal-to-Noise Analysis of Genetic Variation

    Published on: January 16, 2019

    11.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Toxicology and Risk Assessment
    • Genotoxicity Testing
    • In Vitro and In Vivo Assays

    Background:

    • Guidance was requested on follow-up in vivo tests for positive in vitro aneugenicity results.
    • The need for a risk assessment approach for aneugenic substances (not clastogenic or mutagenic) was identified.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide guidance on appropriate in vivo tests for aneugenicity.
    • To define a risk assessment strategy for aneugenic substances.
    • To evaluate the utility of specific in vivo assays.

    Main Methods:

    • Confirmation of the mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test as the preferred in vivo assay.
    • Evaluation of the liver micronucleus assay for metabolic activation.
    • Assessment of the gastrointestinal micronucleus test for initial site of contact evaluation.

    Main Results:

    • The in vivo mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test is confirmed as the primary method.
    • Negative results require evidence of bone marrow exposure to be conclusive.
    • The liver and gastrointestinal micronucleus tests offer supporting data under specific conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • Health-based guidance values can be established for aneugenic substances with sufficient toxicological data.
    • Risk assessment approaches are proposed for data-limited situations.
    • Further development of the gastrointestinal micronucleus test and research into aneugenicity mechanisms are recommended.