Enzymatic bioconversion process of lignin: mechanisms, reactions and kinetics

Lignin is a wasted renewable source of biomass-derived value-added chemicals. However, due to its material resistance to degradation, it remains highly underutilized. In order to develop new, catalysed and more environment friendly reaction processes for lignin valorization, science has turned a selective concentrated attention to microbial enzymes. This present work looks at the enzymes involved with the main reference focus on the different elementary mechanisms of action/conversion rate kinetics. Pathways, like with laccases/peroxidases, employ radicals, which more readily result in polymerization than de-polymerization. The β-etherase system interaction of proteins targets β-O-4 ether covalent bond, which targets lower molecular weight product species. Enzymatic activity is influenced by a wide variety of different factors which need to be considered in order to obtain the best functionality and synthesis yields.