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Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Prevalent Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Emily Yelencich1, Emily Truong2, Adrianne M Widaman1
1Department of Nutrition, Food Science & Packaging, San José State University, San José, California.
Summary
Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients, with active symptoms and inflammation increasing risk. Screening for ARFID and malnutrition is crucial for IBD management.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Psychiatry
- Nutritional Science
Background:
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients often modify diets to manage symptoms and inflammation.
- Dietary changes can lead to feared food triggers and avoidance behaviors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) in IBD patients.
- To identify risk factors associated with ARFID in IBD.
- To examine the link between ARFID risk and malnutrition in IBD.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of adult IBD patients from an ambulatory clinic.
- ARFID risk assessed using the Nine-Item ARFID Screen.
- Nutritional risk evaluated with Patient-Generated-Subjective Global Assessment.
Main Results:
- 17% of 161 IBD patients screened positive for ARFID risk.
- Active symptoms (OR 5.35) and inflammation (OR 3.31) were significantly linked to ARFID risk.
- ARFID risk was associated with a higher likelihood of malnutrition (60.7% vs 15.8%).
Conclusions:
- Avoidant eating is common in IBD, persisting even in remission.
- Screening for ARFID risk is recommended for IBD patients with active symptoms or inflammation.
- Referrals to dietitians are important for managing disordered eating and malnutrition risk in IBD.
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