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Calcium signaling and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Jody Groenendyk1, Luis B Agellon2, Marek Michalak1
1Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology
|August 16, 2021
Summary
Maintaining cellular homeostasis is crucial for health. This study explores how calcium signaling (Ca2+) within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) impacts cellular stress responses like the unfolded protein response (UPR).
Area of Science:
- Cellular biology
- Molecular signaling
- Physiology
Background:
- Cellular homeostasis is vital for tissue and organ function.
- Disruptions trigger stress responses, including the unfolded protein response (UPR).
- Calcium signaling (Ca2+) is increasingly recognized for its role in cellular stress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ homeostasis in cellular stress responses.
- To explore the connection between ER Ca2+ levels and the activation of the UPR.
- To highlight the importance of ER Ca2+ handling proteins in stress adaptation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on ER Ca2+ handling and UPR.
- Analysis of Ca2+ signaling pathways in response to cellular stress.
- Focus on ER stress sensors and Ca2+ buffering proteins.
Main Results:
- The ER serves as a primary Ca2+ store, critical for intracellular signaling.
- ER Ca2+ levels directly influence the sensing of and response to cellular stress.
- Dysregulation of ER Ca2+ homeostasis exacerbates stress responses.
Conclusions:
- ER Ca2+ homeostasis is essential for cellular function, particularly under stress.
- Ca2+ signaling is integral to ER stress sensing and UPR activation.
- Targeting ER Ca2+ handling may offer therapeutic strategies for stress-related disorders.
Keywords:
ChaperonesEndoplasmic reticulumMembrane contact siteRyanodine receptorSarcoplasmic reticulumUnfolded protein responseMore Related Videos
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