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Pediatric Glaucoma in a University Hospital

Mohamad Dakroub1, Diana Khair1, Bahaa' Noureddine1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Governorate, Lebanon.

Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice
|August 16, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric glaucoma patients, including primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and secondary glaucoma, showed good intraocular pressure control. PCG eyes had a better visual prognosis despite earlier presentation and higher initial IOP.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Glaucoma Research

Background:

  • Pediatric glaucoma is a significant cause of vision loss in children.
  • Limited data exists on pediatric glaucoma characteristics in the Middle East.
  • Understanding differences between primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) and secondary glaucoma is crucial for management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the characteristics and outcomes of pediatric glaucoma patients in a Lebanese university hospital.
  • To compare outcomes between PCG and secondary glaucoma.
  • To identify factors influencing visual prognosis in pediatric glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 64 eyes from 40 pediatric glaucoma patients with ≥1 year follow-up.
  • Analysis of intraocular pressure (IOP) control, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and angle surgery failure rates.
  • Comparison of parameters between PCG and secondary glaucoma groups.

Main Results:

  • PCG eyes presented earlier with higher initial IOP and underwent earlier surgery than secondary glaucoma eyes.
  • Overall, 85.9% achieved good IOP control, but only 44.4% had BCVA ≥20/50.
  • PCG eyes showed a better visual prognosis; secondary glaucoma eyes required more medications and had poorer visual outcomes associated with later surgery, unilateral disease, and multiple procedures.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric glaucoma patients, particularly PCG, present earlier with higher IOP and require timely surgery.
  • Both PCG and secondary glaucoma can achieve good IOP control, but PCG offers a superior visual outcome.
  • Factors like delayed surgery, unilateral disease, and multiple interventions negatively impact visual prognosis in secondary glaucoma.
Abstract

Keywords:
Congenital glaucomaGlaucoma surgeryIntraocular pressurePediatric glaucomaRetrospective chart reviewVisual acuity

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