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The Relationship between Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) and Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (NPC): A Systematic
Awal Prasetyo1,2, Jethro Budiman3, Udadi Sadhana1,2
1Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia.
Introduction:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare and aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma worldwide. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been studied and reported to be effective targets of drugs on cancer and were related to the prognostic value. The aim of the study was to look systematically into the current literature and carefully analyze the results to explore the relationship of TILs and NPC.
Materials And Methods:
Three independent reviewers conducted the literature search, searching for articles published in January 2000-January 2020 and fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. The lead author independently assessed the risk of bias of each of the included studies and discussed their assessments with the other two authors to achieve consensus. Of the 1233 articles identified in database searching, 12 articles met the criteria for this review.
Results:
The majority of the study designs were cohort (9 of 12 studies). Most of the studies discussed the prognostic significance of TILs in NPC (nine studies), two studies reported the expanded TILs for the treatment of NPC, and one study reported TILs based on one gene expression.
Conclusion:
TILs in NPC are related to the prognostic factor and development of the immunotherapy. High TILs were associated with better outcome and survival rate; and TILs have been claimed to reflect an effective anti-tumor immune response, immune response inducer, delayed tumor progression, and improving the cancer-immune microenvironment. The understanding of TILs in NPC based on gene expression becomes important information to learn more about the relationship of TILs and NPC.
Insights
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are linked to better outcomes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). High TILs indicate a stronger anti-tumor response, improving survival and cancer-immune microenvironment. Further research into TILs and gene expression is crucial.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Head and Neck Cancer Research
Background:
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is an aggressive head and neck cancer.
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) show potential as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in cancer.
- The relationship between TILs and NPC prognosis requires systematic investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze existing literature on the role of TILs in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
- To explore the prognostic significance and therapeutic implications of TILs in NPC.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted for articles published between January 2000 and January 2020.
- Three independent reviewers screened articles based on inclusion/exclusion criteria.
- Risk of bias was assessed, and consensus was reached among reviewers. 12 articles were included from 1233 identified.
Main Results:
- The majority of included studies (9/12) were cohort studies focusing on the prognostic significance of TILs in NPC.
- Two studies explored the use of expanded TILs for NPC treatment.
- One study investigated TILs based on gene expression.
Conclusions:
- TILs are significant prognostic factors in NPC and play a role in immunotherapy development.
- Higher TIL levels correlate with improved patient outcomes and survival rates.
- TILs are associated with effective anti-tumor immunity, delayed tumor progression, and enhanced cancer-immune microenvironment.
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