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Optimization of time domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy parameters for measuring brain blood flow.

Dibbyan Mazumder1, Melissa M Wu1, Nisan Ozana1

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Optics at Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States.

Neurophotonics
|August 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Optimizing time-gated parameters for time domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) enhances cerebral blood flow monitoring. The study identifies specific instrument response functions and time gates that maximize sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio for accurate hemodynamic assessment.

Keywords:
Monte Carlo simulationcerebral blood flow measurementinstrument response functionoptimizationtime domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Optics
  • Cerebral Hemodynamics Monitoring
  • Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Time domain diffuse correlation spectroscopy (TD-DCS) offers improved sensitivity to cerebral hemodynamics by analyzing photon travel times.
  • Optimizing TD-DCS requires careful selection of time gate parameters to balance sensitivity and noise, especially considering instrumentation characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine optimal time gate parameters for TD-DCS cerebral perfusion monitoring.
  • To evaluate the impact of different instrument response functions (IRFs) and noise on TD-DCS performance metrics.
  • To assess sensitivity to brain blood flow, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and extracerebral blood flow rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations of light propagation in an MRI-derived human head model at 765 and 1064 nm.
  • Utilized a virtual probe with a 1 cm source-detector separation in the pre-frontal region.
  • Evaluated performance metrics across various time gates and validated noise estimates with phantom experiments.

Main Results:

  • TD-DCS performance is highly dependent on the system's IRF.
  • A quasi-Gaussian pulse shape with wide time gates (≥500 ps) showed optimal performance.
  • Specific start times for gates were identified for 765 nm (400 ps) and 1064 nm (600 ps) at experimental photon detection rates.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal time gates balance sensitivity and SNR for effective cerebral perfusion monitoring.
  • The system's IRF significantly impacts achievable TD-DCS performance.
  • Quasi-Gaussian pulses generated via electro-optic laser shaping yielded the best results.