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Repurposing macitentan with nanoparticle modulates tumor microenvironment to potentiate immune checkpoint blockade
Soyoung Son1, Jung Min Shin2, Sol Shin3
1Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
Repurposed macitentan (M-NPs) reorganize the tumor microenvironment (TME) to enhance immune checkpoint therapy (ICT). This approach improves T cell infiltration and antitumor effects in preclinical models.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) shows promise but has limited efficacy in immune-excluded tumors due to stromal barriers.
- The desmoplastic tumor microenvironment (TME) hinders immune cell infiltration, reducing ICT effectiveness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate macitentan's potential to modulate the TME and enhance ICT efficacy.
- To evaluate macitentan-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (M-NPs) in a preclinical cancer model.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the 4T1 orthotopic tumor model in mice.
- Administered macitentan-loaded polymeric nanoparticles (M-NPs).
- Assessed TME modulation, including fibroblast function, exosome biogenesis, and T cell subsets.
Main Results:
- M-NPs prevented fibrotic progression and regulated cancer-associated fibroblasts.
- M-NPs attenuated cancer cell-derived exosome production.
- M-NPs modulated T cell subsets and distribution within the TME, improving immune cell infiltration.
Conclusions:
- Macitentan can reprogram the immunosuppressive TME by targeting the endothelin-1 axis.
- M-NPs combined with ICT demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects, overcoming immune exclusion.
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