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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
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Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
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Screening for Diabetes and Prediabetes.

Daisy Duan1, Andre P Kengne2, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui3

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes is recommended for high-risk individuals. Early detection through opportunistic screening can guide lifestyle changes and cardiovascular risk management.

Keywords:
Cost-effectivenessDiabetesEffectivenessPrediabetesScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Diabetes Research

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) develops over a prolonged period, preceded by prediabetes and latent diabetes.
  • Key diagnostic markers include fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1C levels.
  • Effective management of screen-detected T2DM involves addressing cardiovascular risks beyond glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of prediabetes and T2DM screening.
  • To discuss the benefits of early detection and management strategies.
  • To highlight evidence-based recommendations for screening practices.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current screening guidelines and simulation studies.
  • Analysis of diagnostic tests for dysglycemia.
  • Evaluation of management strategies for prediabetes and T2DM.

Main Results:

  • Simulations suggest opportunistic, clinic-based screening of high-risk individuals is cost-effective.
  • Current recommendations from major health organizations advise opportunistic screening every three years.
  • Lifestyle modification is the primary intervention for prediabetes to prevent T2DM.

Conclusions:

  • Opportunistic screening for T2DM and prediabetes is a valuable strategy for early detection and intervention.
  • Multifactorial risk management is crucial for patients with screen-detected T2DM.
  • Further research may be needed to establish direct trial evidence for screening effectiveness.