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Mapping Cortical Dynamics Using Simultaneous MEG/EEG and Anatomically-constrained Minimum-norm Estimates: an Auditory Attention Example
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Cortical Processing of Arithmetic and Simple Sentences in an Auditory Attention Task.

Joshua P Kulasingham1, Neha H Joshi2,3, Mohsen Rezaeizadeh2,3

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering joshuapk@umd.edu.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Neural processing of arithmetic and language involves distinct brain networks. Using a cocktail party paradigm, researchers found these networks separate when attention is focused, correlating with comprehension and calculation abilities.

Keywords:
MEGTRFcocktail partyisochronousselective attention

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Auditory Processing

Background:

  • Cortical processing of arithmetic and language involves shared and distinct neural mechanisms.
  • These mechanisms should be dissociable from sensory modality.
  • Investigating these processes requires methods to separate acoustic, word/symbol, and sentence/equation processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate neural processing of arithmetic versus language using spoken stimuli in an attention-modulated cocktail party paradigm.
  • To dissociate neural responses to acoustics, words/symbols, and sentences/equations.
  • To determine if neural responses correlate with behavioral performance and attention.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from 22 human subjects.
  • Subjects listened to audio mixtures of spoken sentences and arithmetic equations while attending to one stream.
  • Simultaneous presentation of short sentences and simple equations at distinct rates.

Main Results:

  • Auditory cortex processed acoustics of words and symbols for both attended and unattended streams.
  • Neural responses to sentences and equations were predominantly to the attended stream, originating from left temporal (sentences) and parietal (equations) areas.
  • Neural responses correlated with behavioral performance in a deviant detection task, and attention target was decodable from MEG responses.

Conclusions:

  • Neural responses to arithmetic and language are well segregated in the cocktail party paradigm.
  • These segregated responses are modulated by selective attention and linked to comprehension or calculation.
  • Distinct cortical dynamics for sentences (left temporal) and equations (bilateral temporal, parietal, motor areas) were identified.