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Development of In Vitro Endothelialised Stents - Review.

Jitsuro Tsukada1,2, P Mela3, M Jinzaki4

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1, Oyaguchikamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan. tsukada.jitsuro@nihon-u.ac.jp.

Stem Cell Reviews and Reports
|August 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue engineering offers promising solutions for improving stent biocompatibility. In vitro endothelialization methods show potential for reducing stent thrombosis and restenosis, addressing limitations of current drug-eluting stents (DES).

Keywords:
Endothelial colony forming cellsEndovascular devicesGene-transferred cellsHuman trophoblastic endovascular progenitor cellsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cellsIn vitro endothelialisationMesenchymal stem cellsStent materialsStent surface modificationTissue-engineered stents

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Drug-eluting stents (DES) reduce restenosis but stent thrombosis remains a clinical challenge.
  • Late stent complications, including thrombus formation, lead to severe outcomes like acute coronary syndromes and limb ischemia.
  • Current DES technologies do not fully address the need to prevent late stent complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review tissue-engineered stents developed using in vitro endothelialization techniques.
  • To focus on fabrication processes, cell selection, stent materials, and surface modifications.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of these engineered stents based on existing studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro endothelialization approaches for stent development.
  • Analysis of cell source selection, stent material composition, and surface modification strategies.
  • Examination of in vitro and in vivo study data on efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

  • In vivo endothelialized stents have shown limited clinical efficacy.
  • In vitro endothelialization allows for pre-implantation quality control of cell type and growth.
  • Tissue-engineered stents using in vitro methods are being explored as alternatives to overcome DES limitations.

Conclusions:

  • In vitro endothelialization presents a viable strategy for developing improved stent technologies.
  • Further research into tissue-engineered stents is crucial for addressing late stent thrombosis and restenosis.
  • These advancements hold potential for better patient outcomes in cardiovascular and peripheral arterial disease treatment.