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EFFECT OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE PHASE ON THE GLUCOSE-INSULIN RELATIONSHIP AT REST AND DURING EXERCISE.

A C Hackney1, C H Cyren1, M Brammeier1

  • 1Applied Physiology Laboratory, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC; Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA.

Biology of Sport
|August 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The menstrual cycle influences resting insulin and glucose levels in women, with higher insulin observed in the luteal phase. Exercise does not alter this relationship, suggesting phase-specific metabolic regulation.

Keywords:
Endocrines-hormonesFemalesMetabolismPhysical activity

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • The menstrual cycle significantly influences hormonal profiles in women.
  • Understanding metabolic responses during different cycle phases is crucial for exercise and health.
  • Previous research has explored hormonal fluctuations but less is known about the insulin/glucose relationship during exercise across the cycle.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of menstrual cycle phase on the insulin/glucose relationship.
  • To examine resting and exercise-induced changes in insulin and glucose.
  • To determine if sub-maximal exercise alters menstrual cycle phase effects on glucose metabolism.

Main Methods:

  • Eight eumenorrheic women underwent exercise sessions (60 min, 70% V̇O2max) in the follicular and luteal phases.
  • Subjects consumed an oral glucose load (1 g/kg) 45 minutes before exercise.
  • Blood samples were collected pre-load, pre-exercise, and at 15-minute intervals during exercise.

Main Results:

  • Both glucose and insulin levels increased post-oral glucose load and decreased with exercise (P<0.01).
  • No significant differences in glucose response were found between cycle phases.
  • Insulin levels and the insulin-to-glucose ratio were significantly higher immediately before exercise in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • The menstrual cycle phase affects the resting insulin/glucose relationship in eumenorrheic women.
  • Exercise at 70% V̇O2max does not appear to alter the insulin/glucose response across different menstrual cycle phases.
  • The underlying mechanisms for the resting phase-specific insulin/glucose relationship require further investigation.