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Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
Published on: April 28, 2016
Memory order decomposition of symbolic sequences
Unai Alvarez-Rodriguez1,2,3, Vito Latora3,4,5
1Basque Centre for Climate Change (BC3), 48940 Leioa, Spain.
Abstract:
We introduce a general method for the study of memory in symbolic sequences based on higher-order Markov analysis. The Markov process that best represents a sequence is expressed as a mixture of matrices of minimal orders, enabling the definition of the so-called memory profile, which unambiguously reflects the true order of correlations. The method is validated by recovering the memory profiles of tunable synthetic sequences. Finally, we scan real data and showcase with practical examples how our protocol can be used to extract relevant stochastic properties of symbolic sequences.
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