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Onychophagia: detailed clinical characteristics

Jun-Oh Shin1,2, Dongyoung Roh1,2, Jin-Hwa Son1,2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.

International Journal of Dermatology
|August 20, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Onychophagia, or habitual nail biting, commonly affects nail units. This study details its clinical presentation and nail deformities in Korean patients, offering insights for management.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Onychophagia (habitual nail biting) affects 20-30% of the population.
  • It can lead to various nail unit changes, but data on nail deformities is limited.
  • This study investigates the clinical characteristics of onychophagia in Korea.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics of onychophagia.
  • To document nail deformities and periungual complications associated with habitual nail biting.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 53 patients with onychophagia.
  • Analysis of medical records and clinical/dermoscopic photographs over a 10-year period (2011-2020).

Main Results:

  • Short nails with ragged distal borders were universally observed (100%).
  • Other common nail findings included rough nail surfaces (50.9%), hemorrhage (32.1%), and longitudinal melanonychia (30.2%).
  • Periungual complications like exfoliation (77.4%) and cuticle abnormalities (52.8%) were frequent.

Conclusions:

  • Onychophagia presents with distinct nail and periungual changes.
  • The findings provide valuable data on the clinical spectrum of onychophagia.
  • This information can aid in the clinical management of patients with habitual nail biting.

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