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Published on: August 25, 2018
GSK3s: nodes of multilayer regulation of plant development and stress responses
Chengxiang Li1, Bin Zhang1, Hao Yu1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore.
Abstract:
Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) family members are highly conserved serine/threonine protein kinases in eukaryotes. Unlike animals, plants have evolved with multiple homologs of GSK3s involved in a diverse array of biological processes. Emerging evidence suggests that GSK3s act as signaling hubs for integrating perception and transduction of diverse signals required for plant development and responses to abiotic and biotic cues. Here we review recent advances in understanding the molecular interactions between GSK3s and an expanding spectrum of their upstream regulators and downstream substrates in plants. We further discuss how GSK3s act as key signaling nodes of multilayer regulation of plant development and stress response through either being regulated at the post-translational level or regulating their substrates via phosphorylation.
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