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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
Gastritis can stem from various causes, each...
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Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

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The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors

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Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining.
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Chronic Inflammation in Ulcerative Colitis Causes Long-Term Changes in Goblet Cell Function.

Varsha Singh1, Kelli Johnson2, Jianyi Yin1

  • 1Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology
|August 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients exhibit abnormal goblet cell mucus secretion, contributing to a defective mucus layer. This defect, a long-term effect of chronic inflammation, may drive UC recurrence.

Keywords:
ColonoidsGoblet CellMucus LayerUlcerative Colitis

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Three-dimensional Quantification of Intestinal Mucus Using Whole-mount Tissue Imaging
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Cell Biology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a defective mucus layer, often attributed to reduced goblet cell numbers.
  • The contribution of abnormal goblet cell mucus secretion to the UC mucus layer defect remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate goblet cell secretion abnormalities in UC.
  • To determine if these abnormalities are a long-term consequence of chronic inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Established colonoids from healthy subjects (HS) and UC patients.
  • Analyzed colonoid growth, differentiation, and mucus secretion using microscopy and gene expression analysis.
  • Examined mucin secretion in response to carbachol and prostaglandin E2.

Main Results:

  • UC colonoids showed reduced growth and transepithelial electrical resistance.
  • Differentiated UC colonoid monolayers had a thin, discontinuous mucus layer.
  • UC goblet cells failed to secrete mucin in response to stimuli, unlike HS.
  • Tumor necrosis factor α reduced goblet cell numbers more significantly in UC colonoids.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation in UC induces long-term goblet cell changes, impairing mucus secretion.
  • This impaired mucus secretion is a potential factor in UC recurrence.