Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions01:29

Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions

2.7K
Creating and executing a nursing diagnosis helps nurses plan care and guide patient, family, and community interventions. They are developed based on a patient's physical evaluation and support measuring the outcomes. It is not recommended to select random interventions throughout the planning process. Instead, consider the following six essential factors when choosing interventions:
2.7K
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

207
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
207
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

522
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
522
Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups01:20

Comparing the Survival Analysis of Two or More Groups

353
Survival analysis is a cornerstone of medical research, used to evaluate the time until an event of interest occurs, such as death, disease recurrence, or recovery. Unlike standard statistical methods, survival analysis is particularly adept at handling censored data—instances where the event has not occurred for some participants by the end of the study or remains unobserved. To address these unique challenges, specialized techniques like the Kaplan-Meier estimator, log-rank test, and...
353
Cancer Survival Analysis01:21

Cancer Survival Analysis

481
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
481
Hazard Ratio01:12

Hazard Ratio

302
The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
For example, in a clinical trial...
302

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Harmonising definitions of multiple long term conditions for inflammation research: a co-production approach.

BMC research notes·2026
Same author

Assessment of temporal instability in the applied ecology and conservation evidence base.

Research synthesis methods·2023
Same author

Estimation of heterogeneity variance based on a generalized Q statistic in meta-analysis of log-odds-ratio.

Research synthesis methods·2023
Same author

A double-Cox model for non-proportional hazards survival analysis with frailty.

Statistics in medicine·2023
Same author

On the Q statistic with constant weights for standardized mean difference.

The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology·2022
Same author

Exploring consequences of simulation design for apparent performance of methods of meta-analysis.

Statistical methods in medical research·2021
Same journal

Prompt engineering of large language models for paper screening in medical meta-analyses and systematic reviews: A prospective comparative study - CORRIGENDUM.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

Evaluating the accuracy and speed of eight deduplication tools: A comparative study.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

A comparison of preprint search aggregators: comprehensive identification of preprints in the information retrieval stage of evidence syntheses.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

Meta-research on key metrics of preregistered scoping reviews.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

Facilitators and barriers to engaging patient partners in knowledge syntheses: A stage-based approach.

Research synthesis methods·2026
Same journal

Response to: Five methodological considerations for validating LLMs in risk of bias assessment.

Research synthesis methods·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment
08:36

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

813

Cumulative meta-analysis: What works.

Elena Kulinskaya1, Eung Yaw Mah1

  • 1School of Computing Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.

Research Synthesis Methods
|August 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cumulative meta-analysis (CMA) detects temporal trends by updating results with new studies. Two-stage CMA improves power for detecting shifts in random-effects meta-analysis, requiring 15-20 studies for practical use.

Keywords:
CUSUM chartseffective-sample-size weightsinverse-variance weightspowertype 1 error

More Related Videos

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
04:34

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.3K
Author Spotlight: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Movement Observation in Cerebral Palsy
07:20

Author Spotlight: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Movement Observation in Cerebral Palsy

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment
08:36

Author Spotlight: Evaluating the Adjuvant Efficacy and Safety of Angong Niuhuang Pill in Viral Encephalitis Treatment

Published on: April 19, 2024

813
Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
04:34

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia

Published on: February 17, 2023

1.3K
Author Spotlight: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Movement Observation in Cerebral Palsy
07:20

Author Spotlight: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Movement Observation in Cerebral Palsy

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Biostatistics
  • Epidemiology
  • Medical Statistics

Background:

  • Cumulative meta-analysis (CMA) is used to update meta-analysis results with new evidence over time.
  • Detecting temporal trends in research is crucial for understanding evolving effect sizes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of CMA for detecting temporal trends in random-effects meta-analysis.
  • To propose and evaluate improvements to CMA, including a novel two-stage approach.
  • To compare CMA with CUSUM methods for trend detection using simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations were conducted using standardized mean difference (SMD) as the effect measure.
  • Compared inverse-variance-weighted CMA with REML estimation of between-study variance to sample-size-weighted CMA with KDB estimation.
  • Introduced and evaluated a two-stage CMA method with fixed between-study variance estimation.

Main Results:

  • The study evaluated Type 1 error under no shift and power under a mean shift in random-effects models.
  • Two-stage CMA demonstrated improved power for detecting shifts compared to standard CMA.
  • Practical application of CMA is recommended with at least 15-20 studies.

Conclusions:

  • Two-stage CMA, particularly when combined with cumulative testing for positive shifts, is recommended for detecting temporal trends.
  • The findings provide guidance on the effective use and implementation of CMA in meta-analysis.
  • Adequate study numbers (15-20) are necessary for reliable CMA application.