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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

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Real-Time Analysis of Oxygen Gradient in Oocyte Respiration Using a High-Density Microelectrode Array.

William Tedjo1, Yusra Obeidat2, Giovana Catandi3

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

Biosensors
|August 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel electrochemical imaging system for real-time, high-resolution oxygen consumption rate (OCR) analysis in live cells. The platform offers improved spatial and temporal dynamics for cellular metabolism studies.

Keywords:
CMOS biosensorelectrochemistrymicroelectrode arraymicrofluidicsoxygen concentration gradientoxygen consumption rateoxygen flux

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cellular Physiology
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Oxygen concentration gradients are crucial for understanding cell metabolism.
  • Current oxygen sensing methods have limitations in resolution, speed, and cost.
  • Electrochemical imaging offers a potential solution for high-resolution, real-time oxygen monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an electrochemical sensor platform with a custom CMOS-based microchip and microelectrode array (MEA) for measuring cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR).
  • To demonstrate the system's capability for real-time, 2D oxygen imaging with high spatial and temporal resolution.
  • To analyze the OCR and oxygen flux density of bovine cumulus-oocytes-complexes cells.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a custom CMOS-based microchip with a high-density, Pt-coated MEA (16,064 pixels over 3.6 mm x 3.6 mm).
  • Utilization of a three-electrode configuration for electrochemical measurements.
  • Integration of a microfluidic system for bio-sample handling and delivery.
  • Real-time 2D imaging of dissolved oxygen concentration at 27.5 µm spatial and 4 Hz temporal resolution.

Main Results:

  • The system successfully imaged low oxygen concentrations (down to 18.3 µM).
  • Real-time 2D heatmaps visualized dissolved oxygen concentration near the MEA.
  • Bovine cumulus-oocytes-complexes cells OCR and oxygen flux density were analyzed in vitro.
  • Demonstrated spatial and temporal dynamics of live cell/tissue metabolism.

Conclusions:

  • The developed electrochemical imaging system provides a powerful tool for real-time, high-resolution OCR analysis.
  • This technology overcomes limitations of existing oxygen sensing methods, enabling deeper insights into cellular metabolism.
  • The platform facilitates the study of spatial and temporal dynamics of cell metabolism in live samples.