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Related Concept Videos

The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Stem Cell Niche

The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell01:06

Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell

A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...

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Combining Intravital Fluorescent Microscopy IVFM with Genetic Models to Study Engraftment Dynamics of Hematopoietic Cells to Bone Marrow Niches
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Stem Cell Niche Microenvironment: Review.

Mohamed Abdul-Al1, George Kumi Kyeremeh1, Morvarid Saeinasab2

  • 1Department of Biomedical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Bradford, Bradford BD71DP, UK.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) are vital for corneal health and regeneration after injury. This review explores LESC types, their niche environments, and artificial stem cell strategies for self-renewal.

Keywords:
corneamicroenvironmentnichesstem cell

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • The cornea's clarity and visibility depend on self-regenerating epithelial cells.
  • Limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs) reside in a specialized stem cell niche (SCN) essential for corneal epithelium survival.
  • LESCs are critical for regenerating the corneal epithelium following severe trauma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review different types of limbal epithelial stem cells (LESCs).
  • To discuss the identity and location of human epithelial stem cells (HESCs).
  • To explore the reconstruction of the limbal stem cell niche (LSCN) and artificial stem cells for self-renewal.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on LESCs and their niches.
  • Analysis of methods for recreating stem cell niche (SCN) features.
  • Exploration of mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering.

Main Results:

  • LESCs are crucial for corneal regeneration and survival.
  • The limbal stem cell niche (LSCN) is a complex microenvironment.
  • Mesenchymal stem cells show potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding LESCs and their niches is key to corneal regeneration strategies.
  • Artificial stem cells and reconstructed niches offer promising avenues for therapeutic applications.
  • Further research into stem cell biology and tissue engineering can advance treatments for corneal damage.