Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Torque Free Motion01:15

Torque Free Motion

606
The torque-free motion refers to the movement of a rigid body in space when no external torques are acting upon it. This type of motion can be observed in environments where there are no external forces or frictions, like in outer space. For example, a rotation of Mars in space is a torque-free motion. Mars is an axisymmetric object, meaning it has an axis of symmetry along which it rotates, designated as the z-axis. The rotating frame of reference is defined such that the center of mass of...
606
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability01:31

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

1.6K
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
1.6K
Impact: Problem Solving01:26

Impact: Problem Solving

327
In an experiment conducted during a Mars mission, a rover propels a projectile with an initial velocity, and the projectile rebounds after colliding with the Martian surface. To ascertain the maximum height attained by the projectile after this collision, the known restitution coefficient and acceleration due to gravity are employed.
By designating the launch point as the origin and utilizing kinematic equations, the vertical component of the projectile's velocity at the point of impact is...
327
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions01:28

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

1.2K
An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...
1.2K
Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling01:26

Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling

380
During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance.
380
Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview01:13

Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) Infrared Spectroscopy: Overview

675
Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) infrared spectroscopy is a powerful analytical technique used to study the composition of materials. It is widely employed in chemistry, materials science, forensic science, and other fields where sample characterization is required. ATR has several advantages over traditional transmission IR spectroscopy, including the requirement of little to no sample preparation and the ability to analyze a wide range of samples.
The ATR process begins by directing a beam...
675

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mars' enigmatic interior -recent findings from InSight and open questions.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Seismic and mineralogical evidence for an iron-rich mega-ultralow-velocity zone beneath Hawai'i.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Reentry and disintegration dynamics of space debris tracked using seismic data.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Exo-Geoscience Perspectives Beyond Habitability.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

Water Versus Land on Temperate Rocky Planets.

Space science reviews·2026
Same author

Little to no active faulting likely at Europa's seafloor today.

Nature communications·2026
Same journal

Erratum for the Research Article "Detecting supramolecular organic nanoparticles during heat wave".

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Local signals, systemic decline.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

The mechanics of liver regeneration.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Computing in a memory with physics.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Retraction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same journal

Making time.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
06:04

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

11.7K

Upper mantle structure of Mars from InSight seismic data.

Amir Khan1,2, Savas Ceylan3, Martin van Driel3,4

  • 1Institute of Geophysics, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. akhan@ethz.ch.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mars

More Related Videos

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
07:58

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

Published on: August 7, 2017

9.5K
Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 22, 2025

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory
06:04

Simulation of the Planetary Interior Differentiation Processes in the Laboratory

Published on: November 15, 2013

11.7K
Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
07:58

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt

Published on: August 7, 2017

9.5K
Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.5K

Area of Science:

  • Seismology
  • Planetary Science
  • Geophysics

Background:

  • The InSight lander has collected seismic data on Mars for two years.
  • Understanding Mars's interior structure and thermochemical state is crucial for planetary science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To constrain the interior structure of Mars down to 800 kilometers using seismic data.
  • To investigate the thermal lithosphere and heat production in the Martian crust.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of direct (P and S) and surface-reflected (PP, PPP, SS, SSS) body-wave phases from eight marsquakes.
  • Integration of seismic constraints with geodynamic models.

Main Results:

  • Identified a low-velocity zone suggesting a significantly thicker Martian thermal lithosphere compared to Earth.
  • Observed a weak S-wave shadow zone at teleseismic distances.
  • Predicted Martian crust enrichment in heat-producing elements (13-20 times primitive mantle).

Conclusions:

  • Mars's interior structure is characterized by a thick, cooler lithosphere.
  • The Martian crust is highly enriched in heat-producing elements, exceeding previous estimates.
  • This enrichment contributes to a moderate-to-elevated surface heat flow on Mars.