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Primary hypercholesterolemia and development of cardiovascular disorders: Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved

Aida Collado1, Elena Domingo1, Laura Piqueras2

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Institute of Health Research INCLIVA, University Clinic Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
|August 26, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Primary hypercholesterolemia, marked by high LDL cholesterol, drives atherosclerosis. Understanding its inflammation and endothelial dysfunction mechanisms can reveal new cardiovascular disease treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Primary hypercholesterolemia involves elevated low-density lipoproteins (LDL), a key factor in arteriosclerosis.
  • Atherosclerosis underlies most cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction and stroke.
  • Low-grade systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are primary drivers of premature atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular and molecular mechanisms of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in primary hypercholesterolemia.
  • To explore the role of inflammatory mediators, immune cells, and signaling pathways in atherogenesis.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disease progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current scientific knowledge.
  • Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms.
  • Discussion of inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • Elevated LDL cholesterol contributes to arteriosclerosis.
  • Systemic inflammation and endothelial dysfunction are critical in atherosclerosis development.
  • Leukocyte adhesion to dysfunctional endothelium is a key feature of atherogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding hypercholesterolemia-linked inflammation and dysfunction is crucial for cardiovascular disease insights.
  • This knowledge may lead to novel therapeutic strategies to slow disease progression.

Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseaseatherosclerosisendothelial dysfunctionhypercholesterolemialow-grade systemic inflammation

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