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Related Concept Videos

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Hemoperfusion and Hemofiltration01:25

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39
Hemoperfusion and hemofiltration are critical techniques in medical treatments to eliminate accumulated drugs, metabolites, and electrolytes from the bloodstream. These methods are particularly vital in cases of accidental poisoning and drug overdose.Hemoperfusion involves passing blood through an adsorbent material to remove unwanted substances. The main adsorbents used in hemoperfusion include activated charcoal and Amberlite resins. Activated charcoal can adsorb both polar and nonpolar...
39

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Pump-Free Microfluidic Hemofiltration Device.

Takahiro Ito1, Takashi Ota1, Rei Kono1

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Kanagawa, Japan.

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|August 27, 2021
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Summary

This study introduces a novel pump-free hemofiltration device. It utilizes natural blood pressure differences and prevents backfiltration, offering a simpler approach to hemofiltration.

Keywords:
animal testartificial kidneyartificial organbackfiltrationhemofiltrationmicrofluidiconcotic pressuretransmembrane pressure

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nephrology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Hemofiltration uses nanoporous membranes to remove water and small molecules from blood.
  • Transmembrane pressure (TMP), influenced by blood and oncotic pressures, governs filtration direction.
  • Negative TMP can cause backfiltration, reducing filtration efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of backfiltration in hemofiltration.
  • To design and validate a pump-free hemofiltration device that prevents backfiltration.
  • To explore the potential of this device for implantable or wearable applications.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro experiments to study backfiltration.
  • Design of a two-part hemofiltration device to ensure positive TMP.
  • Ex vivo experiments using beagle dogs to verify the device concept.

Main Results:

  • Investigated and confirmed the occurrence of backfiltration under specific TMP conditions.
  • Developed a novel two-part hemofiltration device design that effectively prevents backfiltration.
  • Successfully verified the device's functionality through in vitro and ex vivo studies.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed pump-free hemofiltration device effectively prevents backfiltration by maintaining positive TMP.
  • The device's simplicity, lacking pumps or electrical components, makes it suitable for implantable or wearable hemofiltration.
  • This innovation offers a promising alternative for continuous renal replacement therapy.