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Immunity in Atherosclerosis: Focusing on T and B Cells

Anastasia V Poznyak1, Evgeny E Bezsonov2,3, Tatyana V Popkova4

  • 1Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, 121609 Moscow, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation and immune cells like T and B cells play key roles in atherosclerosis, a major cause of cardiovascular disease. Targeting these cells offers potential therapeutic strategies for treating this complex condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Immunology
  • Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a primary driver of cardiovascular disease and global mortality.
  • Atherogenesis involves complex processes including mitophagy, oxidative stress, endothelial damage, inflammation, and lipid metabolism alterations.
  • Inflammation, particularly involving adaptive immunity cells (T and B cells), is a central component of atherogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of T and B cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
  • To highlight the potential of adaptive immune cells as therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on the involvement of T and B cells in atherosclerosis.
  • Analysis of the cellular localization and function of T and B cells within atherosclerotic lesions.
  • Examination of therapeutic strategies targeting T and B cells for atherosclerosis treatment.

Main Results:

  • T cells are abundant within atherosclerotic plaques.
  • B cells are found in the adventitia layer of blood vessels affected by atherosclerosis.
  • The presence and functions of these immune cells suggest their significant role in disease development.
  • Various therapeutic approaches targeting T and B cells have been investigated.

Conclusions:

  • T and B cells are integral to the inflammatory processes underlying atherosclerosis.
  • Targeting adaptive immunity offers promising avenues for novel atherosclerosis therapies.
  • Further research into immune cell-targeted treatments is warranted for cardiovascular disease management.

Keywords:
B cellsCVDT cellsatherosclerosisimmunity

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