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Cellular Therapy for the Treatment of Paediatric Respiratory Disease

Laura C Brennan1, Andrew O'Sullivan2, Ronan MacLoughlin2,3,4

  • 1College of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, National University of Ireland, H91 TK33 Galway, Ireland.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|August 27, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Cellular therapies show promise for curing pediatric respiratory diseases like bronchopulmonary dysplasia and cystic fibrosis. Further research is needed to optimize delivery methods for these lung conditions in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cellular Therapy

Background:

  • Respiratory diseases are a leading cause of mortality in children under five.
  • Current treatments for pediatric lung diseases alleviate symptoms but do not provide cures.
  • Cellular therapies offer potential curative treatment, halting disease progression into adulthood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the potential of cellular therapies for pediatric respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the need for pediatric-specific research and clinical trials.
  • To emphasize the importance of optimizing cell dosage and delivery methods for children.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical models and existing research on cellular therapies (induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, secretome).
  • Analysis of current clinical trial focus on adult populations.
  • Discussion of direct aerosol delivery to the lungs for enhanced efficiency and reduced systemic effects.

Main Results:

  • Preclinical studies demonstrate the potential of cellular therapies in targeting key pathological features of lung disease.
  • Research and clinical trials are predominantly focused on adult patients.
  • Optimal cell type, dosage, and delivery methods require establishment for clinical translation.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular therapies hold significant promise for treating pediatric respiratory diseases.
  • A pediatric-centric approach is crucial due to differing pathology and anatomy.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to translate these promising therapies into effective treatments for children.

Keywords:
PARDSaerosol deliveryasthmacellular therapyextracellular vesiclesinhalationinterstitial lung diseasepaediatricrespiratory diseasestem cells

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